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Top to bottom: electrophilic addition to alkene, nucleophilic addition of nucleophile to carbonyl and free-radical addition of halide to alkene. Depending on the product structure, it could promptly react further to eject a leaving group to give the addition–elimination reaction sequence. Addition reactions are useful in analytic chemistry ...
Hydroacylation is a type of organic reaction in which an electron-rich [1] unsaturated hydrocarbon inserts into a formyl C-H bond. With alkenes, the product is a ketone: RCHO + CH 2 =CHR' → RC(O)CH 2 CH 2 R' With an alkyne instead, the reaction produces an α,β-unsaturated ketone. [2] The reaction requires a metal catalyst or a radical ...
These side reactions can often be minimized by a judicious choice of reaction conditions. Dissolved oxygen is avoided since it is photoreactive. A variety of solvents can be used. Acetone is a useful solvent, because it can serve as a triplet sensitizer. Alkane-based solvents are selected to be free of alkenes. Excitation wavelength is important.
In organic chemistry, syn-and anti-addition are different ways in which substituent molecules can be added to an alkene (R 2 C=CR 2) or alkyne (RC≡CR).The concepts of syn and anti addition are used to characterize the different reactions of organic chemistry by reflecting the stereochemistry of the products in a reaction.
Nucleophilic conjugate addition is a type of organic reaction. Ordinary nucleophilic additions or 1,2-nucleophilic additions deal mostly with additions to carbonyl compounds. Simple alkene compounds do not show 1,2 reactivity due to lack of polarity , unless the alkene is activated with special substituents .
The reaction follows Markovnikov's rule (the hydroxy group will always be added to the more substituted carbon). The oxymercuration part of the reaction involves anti addition of OH group but the demercuration part of the reaction involves free radical mechanism and is not stereospecific, i.e. H and OH may be syn or anti to each other. [2] [3] [4]
Reactions of conjugated double-bond systems can be synthesized into cycloalkenes through electrocyclic reactions. [13] Addition of heat or photolysis causes a reversible reaction that causes one pi bond to become a sigma bond, which closes the ring and creates a cycloalkene. [11] Formation of a cycloalkane via an electrocyclic reaction
Hydrosilylation, also called catalytic hydrosilation, describes the addition of Si-H bonds across unsaturated bonds. [1] Ordinarily the reaction is conducted catalytically and usually the substrates are unsaturated organic compounds. Alkenes and alkynes give alkyl and vinyl silanes; aldehydes and ketones give silyl ethers. Hydrosilylation has ...
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