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The Arab raid against Rome took place in 846. Muslim raiders plundered the outskirts of the city of Rome , sacking the basilicas of Old St Peter's and St Paul's-Outside-the-Walls , but were prevented from entering the city itself by the Aurelian Walls .
The Ishmaelites (Hebrew: יִשְׁמְעֵאלִים, romanized: Yīšməʿēʾlīm; Arabic: بَنِي إِسْمَاعِيل, romanized: Banī Ismā'īl, lit. 'sons of Ishmael') were a collection of various Arab tribes, tribal confederations and small kingdoms described in Abrahamic tradition as being descended from and named after Ishmael, a prophet according to the Quran, the first son of ...
The Mahdi is also viewed as the restorer of true Islam, [16] and the restorer of other monotheistic religions after their distortion and abandonment. [18] He establishes the kingdom of God on earth and Islamizes the whole world. [70] In their true form, it is believed, all monotheistic religions are essentially identical to Islam as "submission ...
John of Damascus on Islam: The "Heresy of the Ishmaelites.". BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-03495-2. Sicker, Martin (2000). The Islamic world in ascendancy: from the Arab conquests to the siege of Vienna. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-275-96892-2. Gibbon, Edward (2008). The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Volume 5.
Dis Pater was sometimes identified with the Sabine god Soranus. [4] Julius Caesar, in his Commentaries on the Gallic Wars (VI:18), states that the Gauls all claimed descent from Dis Pater. This is an example of interpretatio romana: [5] what Caesar meant was that the Gauls all claimed descent from a Gaulish god that he equated with the Roman ...
Historical works of later Muslim writers include the traditional biographies of Muhammad and quotations attributed to him—the sira and hadith literature—which provide further information on Muhammad's life. [4] The earliest surviving written sira (biography of Muhammad) is Sirat Rasul Allah (Life of God's Messenger) by Ibn Ishaq (d. 761 or ...
The Ibadi movement or Ibadism (Arabic: الإباضية, romanized: al-ʾIbāḍiyya, Arabic pronunciation: [alʔibaːˈdˤijja]) is a branch inside Islam, which many believe is descended from the Kharijites. [3]
Both religions venerate Shuaib and Muhammad: Shuaib is revered as the chief prophet in the Druze religion, [309] and in Islam he is considered a prophet of God. Muslims regard Muhammad as the final and paramount prophet sent by God, [310] [full citation needed] [311] to the Druze, Muhammad is exalted as one of the seven prophets sent by God in ...