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Possible sanxian (left) and pipa, from a 762-827 A.D. painting in the Mogao caves near Dunhuang―Grotto 46 Left interior wall, second panel. Also called cave 112. It has been suggested that sanxian, a form of spike lute, may have its origin in the Middle East, and older forms of spike lute were also found in ancient Egypt. [1]
In Okinawa of Japan known as sanshin, in China as sanxian, in traditional Mongolian Shudraga and Vietnam known as đàn tam. Yatug-a zithers - a plucked zither which is used in two sizes nowadays: (Master Yatug-a) (Mongolian: ᠶᠠᠲᠤᠭ ᠠ) - usually equipped with 21 strings, sometimes 23 strings.
Lutes are stringed musical instruments that include a body and "a neck which serves both as a handle and as a means of stretching the strings beyond the body". [1]The lute family includes not only short-necked plucked lutes such as the lute, oud, pipa, guitar, citole, gittern, mandore, rubab, and gambus and long-necked plucked lutes such as banjo, tanbura, bağlama, bouzouki, veena, theorbo ...
Sanxian – plucked lute with body covered with snakeskin and long fretless neck; the ancestor of the Japanese shamisen Duxianqin ( simplified Chinese : 独弦琴 ; traditional Chinese : 獨弦琴 ) – the instrument of the Jing people (Vietnamese people in China), a plucked, monochord zither with only one string, tuned to C3.
The plucked string section is unique to Chinese orchestra due to the large number of traditional Chinese lute-type instruments. [14] The orchestra moved to Taiwan after the Communist victory in 1949. [12] A number of folk ensembles were established in the 1950s in the PRC, the first of these was the Shanghai Chinese Orchestra.
Traditionally, the sanshin was covered with the skin of the Burmese python, but today, due to CITES regulations, the skin of the reticulated python is also used. Python skin is used for the skin of the body of the instrument, in contrast to the cat or dogskin used traditionally on the shamisen.
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The ruan (Chinese: 阮; pinyin: ruǎn) is a traditional Chinese plucked string instrument.It is a lute with a fretted neck, a circular body, and four strings. Its four strings were formerly made of silk but since the 20th century they have been made of steel (flatwound for the lower strings).