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is the area of the duct, is the velocity of the fluid. The practicalities of mine ventilation led Atkinson to group some of these variables into one all-encompassing term: Area and perimeter were incorporated because mine airways are of irregular shape, and both vary along the length of an airway.
Mean airway pressure has been shown to have a similar correlation as plateau pressure to mortality. [6]MAP is closely associated with mean alveolar pressure and shows the stresses exerted on the lung parenchyma on mechanical ventilation.
An area with ventilation but no perfusion (and thus a V/Q undefined though approaching infinity) is termed "dead space". [ 6 ] Of note, few conditions constitute "pure" shunt or dead space as they would be incompatible with life, and thus the term V/Q mismatch is more appropriate for conditions in between these two extremes.
For buildings with one or two floors, h is the height of the building and A is the flow area of the openings. For multi-floor, high-rise buildings, A is the flow area of the openings and h is the distance from the openings at the neutral pressure level (NPL) of the building to either the topmost openings or the lowest openings.
= cross-sectional area of opening, ft² (assumes equal area for inlet and outlet) C d = Discharge coefficient for opening (typical value is 0.65) g = gravitational acceleration, around 32.2 ft/s² on Earth H d = Height from midpoint of lower opening to midpoint of upper opening, ft T I = Average indoor temperature between the inlet and outlet ...
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However, they are seldom used as the actual basis of design or calculation. For example, residential ventilation rates are calculated based on area of the residence and number of occupants. [5] Non-residential ventilation rates are based on floor area and number of occupants, or a calculated dilution of known contaminants. [6]
The partial pressure of oxygen (pO 2) in the pulmonary alveoli is required to calculate both the alveolar-arterial gradient of oxygen and the amount of right-to-left cardiac shunt, which are both clinically useful quantities. However, it is not practical to take a sample of gas from the alveoli in order to directly measure the partial pressure ...