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The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 17 March 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 2 June 1946, when civil discontent led to an institutional referendum to abandon the monarchy and form the modern Italian Republic.
Italy took the initiative in entering the war in spring 1915, despite strong popular and elite sentiment in favor of neutrality. Italy was a large, poor country whose political system was chaotic, its finances were heavily strained, and its army was very poorly prepared. [167] The Triple Alliance meant little either to Italians or Austrians.
Year Date Event 85000 BC: Oldest human habitation is discovered in Italy at Monte Poggiolo. 50000 BC: Neanderthal presence in Italy. 33000 BC: Paglicci 33 is discovered in Italy, the earliest evidence of Haplogroup I-M170. 12000 BC: Villabruna 1 is discovered in Italy, the earliest evidence of Haplogroup R1b.
However, on 2 June 1946, the republican side won 54% of the vote, and Italy officially became a republic, a day celebrated since as Festa della Repubblica. This was the first time that Italian women voted at the national level, and the second time overall considering the local elections that were held a few months earlier in some cities.
[8] 11 June 1946, the first day of republican Italy, was declared a public holiday. [9] On 2 June the birth of the modern nation is celebrated in a similar way to the French 14 July (anniversary of the storming of the Bastille) and to 4 July in the United States (anniversary of the declaration of independence from Great Britain).
Italy became a republic after the 1946 Italian institutional referendum [109] held on 2 June, a day celebrated since as Festa della Repubblica. This was the first time women voted nationally. [110] Victor Emmanuel III's son, Umberto II, was forced to abdicate. The Republican Constitution was approved in 1948.
Political map of Italy in the year 1843. Following the defeat of Napoleon's France, the Congress of Vienna (1815) was convened to redraw the European continent. In Italy, the Congress restored the pre-Napoleonic patchwork of independent governments, either directly ruled or strongly influenced by the prevailing European powers, particularly ...
This is a timeline of the unification of Italy. 1849 – August 24: Venice falls to Austrian forces that have crushed the rebellion in Venetia 1858 – Meeting at Plombieres : Napoleon III and Cavour decide to stage a war with Austria, in return for Piedmont gaining Lombardy, Venetia, Parma and Modena, and France gaining Savoy and Nice.