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  2. Wason selection task - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wason_selection_task

    They argued that such a distinction, if empirically borne out, would support the contention of evolutionary psychologists that human reasoning is governed by context-sensitive mechanisms that have evolved, through natural selection, to solve specific problems of social interaction, rather than context-free, general-purpose mechanisms. [14]

  3. Petals Around the Rose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petals_Around_the_Rose

    The answer to this roll is six. Petals Around the Rose is a mathematically challenging puzzle in which the object is to work out the formula by which a number is derived from the roll of a set of five or six dice. It is often used as an exercise in inductive reasoning. [1]

  4. Psychology of reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology_of_reasoning

    In this process of reasoning, general assertions are made based on past specific pieces of evidence. This kind of reasoning allows the conclusion to be false even if the original statement is true. [28] For example, if one observes a college athlete, one makes predictions and assumptions about other college athletes based on that one observation.

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    The search engine that helps you find exactly what you're looking for. Find the most relevant information, video, images, and answers from all across the Web.

  6. Logical reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_reasoning

    Non-deductive reasoning is an important form of logical reasoning besides deductive reasoning. It happens in the form of inferences drawn from premises to reach and support a conclusion, just like its deductive counterpart. The hallmark of non-deductive reasoning is that this support is fallible.

  7. Proportional reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_reasoning

    In Piaget's model of intellectual development, the fourth and final stage is the formal operational stage.In the classic book "The Growth of Logical Thinking from Childhood to Adolescence" by Jean Piaget and Bärbel Inhelder formal operational reasoning takes many forms, including propositional reasoning, deductive logic, separation and control of variables, combinatorial reasoning, and ...

  8. Postformal thought - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postformal_thought

    Postformal thought is generally known as a stage in adult development where thought becomes complex, flexible, and when individuals are open to different perspectives outside of their own. This cognitive stage involves understanding that problems may have multiple, different solutions, and combining personal experiences with logic to make sense ...

  9. Logic and rationality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic_and_rationality

    As the study of argument is of clear importance to the reasons that we hold things to be true, logic is of essential importance to rationality. Arguments may be logical if they are "conducted or assessed according to strict principles of validity", [1] while they are rational according to the broader requirement that they are based on reason and knowledge.