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Vitamin B 6 Drug class Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the metabolically active form of vitamin B 6 Class identifiers Use Vitamin B 6 deficiency ATC code A11H Biological target enzyme cofactor Clinical data Drugs.com International Drug Names External links MeSH D025101 Legal status In Wikidata Vitamin B 6 is one of the B vitamins, and is an essential nutrient for humans. The term essential nutrient ...
Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, P5P), the active form of vitamin B 6, is a coenzyme in a variety of enzymatic reactions. The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has catalogued more than 140 PLP-dependent activities, corresponding to ~4% of all classified activities. [ 5 ]
Pyridoxine is converted to pyridoxal phosphate via two enzymes, pyridoxal kinase and pyridoxine 5′-phosphate oxidase. High levels of pyridoxine can inhibit these enzymes. As pyridoxal phosphate is the active form of vitamin B 6, this saturation of pyridoxine could mimic a deficiency of vitamin B 6. [23] [27]
The enzyme pyridoxal phosphatase [1] [2] [3] (EC 3.1.3.74) catalyzes the reaction pyridoxal 5′-phosphate + H 2 O pyridoxal + phosphate. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on phosphoric monoester bonds. The systematic name is pyridoxal-5′-phosphate phosphohydrolase.
Pyridoxine (PN) [4] is a form of vitamin B 6 found commonly in food and used as a dietary supplement.As a supplement it is used to treat and prevent pyridoxine deficiency, sideroblastic anaemia, pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy, certain metabolic disorders, side effects or complications of isoniazid use, and certain types of mushroom poisoning. [5]
Aspartate transaminase (AST) or aspartate aminotransferase, also known as AspAT/ASAT/AAT or (serum) glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT, SGOT), is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transaminase enzyme (EC 2.6.1.1) that was first described by Arthur Karmen and colleagues in 1954.
In general, lower levels of enzyme activity correlate with more severe symptoms. The decrease in ALP activity leads to an increase in pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP), which is the major form of Vitamin B6, in the blood, although tissue levels of Vitamin B6 may be unremarkable [30] and correlates with disease severity. [31]
Pyridoxine 5′-phosphate oxidase is an enzyme, encoded by the PNPO gene, [1] [2] [3] that catalyzes several reactions in the vitamin B 6 metabolism pathway. Pyridoxine 5′-phosphate oxidase catalyzes the final, rate-limiting step in vitamin B 6 metabolism, the biosynthesis of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B 6 which acts as an essential cofactor. [4]