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Calcium channel blockers (CCB), calcium channel antagonists or calcium antagonists [2] are a group of medications that disrupt the movement of calcium (Ca 2+) through calcium channels. [3] Calcium channel blockers are used as antihypertensive drugs, i.e., as medications to decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Calcium channel blocker toxicity is the taking of too much of the medications known as calcium channel blockers (CCBs), either by accident or on purpose. [3] This often causes a slow heart rate and low blood pressure . [ 1 ]
Whether use is safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding is unclear. [2] [10] When used by people with liver problems, and in elderly individuals, doses should be reduced. [10] Amlodipine works partly by vasodilation (relaxing the arteries and increasing their diameter). [10] It is a long-acting calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine type ...
Age can affect the choice of medications. Current UK guidelines suggest starting patients over the age of 55 years first on calcium channel blockers or thiazide diuretics. Age and multi-morbidity can affect the choice of medication, the target blood pressure and even whether to treat or not. [61] Anxiety may be improved with the use of beta ...
Antihypertensive agents are classified according to their mechanism of actions. The most common classes prescribed are diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and beta-blockers. Antihyperlipidemic agents most often prescribed are statins, ezetimibe and ...
The kinetics of channel blockers are primarily understood though their use as anesthetics. Local anesthetics work by inducing a phasic block state in the targeted neurons. [ 13 ] Initially, open channel blockers do not effectively prevent action potentials, as few channels are blocked and the blocker itself can be released from the channel ...
Chemically, it is based upon a 1,4-thiazepine ring, making it a benzothiazepine-type calcium channel blocker. It is a potent and mild vasodilator of coronary and peripheral vessels, respectively, [29] which reduces peripheral resistance and afterload, though not as potent as the dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blockers
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers can produce negative inotropic effects and exacerbate heart failure. Heart failure patients should be monitored carefully. Cleviprex gives no protection against the effects of abrupt beta-blocker withdrawal. Most common adverse reactions (>2%) are headache, nausea, and vomiting.