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Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), also known as neonatal aspiration of meconium, is a medical condition affecting newborn infants. It describes the spectrum of disorders and pathophysiology of newborns born in meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and have meconium within their lungs. Therefore, MAS has a wide range of severity depending on ...
Neelam Kler is an Indian neonatologist, known for her pioneering work on neonatal intensive care and ventilation. [1] She is credited with developing neonatal care to better the survival rate of extremely tiny preterm babies (less than 1000 grams) to 90 percent. [2]
The syndrome develops in about 20% of human pregnancies continuing past the expected delivery date. [3] Features of post-maturity syndrome include oligohydramnios (a deficiency of amniotic fluid); [4] meconium aspiration (breathing meconium in the amniotic fluid); and macrosomia (being overly large).
Perinatal asphyxia (also known as neonatal asphyxia or birth asphyxia) is the medical condition resulting from deprivation of oxygen to a newborn infant that lasts long enough during the birth process to cause physical harm, usually to the brain.
The 1950s brought a rapid escalation in neonatal services with the advent of mechanical ventilation of the newborn, allowing for survival at an increasingly smaller birth weight. [ 2 ] In 1952, the anesthesiologist Dr. Virginia Apgar developed the Apgar score , used for standardized assessment of infants immediately upon delivery, to guide ...
Infant respiratory distress syndrome, in turn, is the leading cause of death in preterm infants, affecting about 1% of newborn infants. [8] Birth defects cause about 21 percent of neonatal death. [7] Some major causes of perinatal mortality rate is: Maternal diseases; Pelvic diseases; endometriosis, ovarian tumor
It is characterized by changes in fetal movement, growth, heart rate, and presence of meconium stained fluid. [4] Risk factors for fetal distress/non-reassuring fetal status include anemia, restriction of fetal growth, maternal hypertension or cardiovascular disease, low amniotic fluid or meconium in the amniotic fluid, or a post-term pregnancy.
Complications can include meconium, respiratory distress, anemia, and stillbirth. [1] Multiple wraps are associated with greater risk. [3] The diagnosis may be suspected if there is a decrease in the baby's heart rate during delivery. [1] Nuchal cords are typically checked for by running the finger over the baby's neck once the head has ...