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Platelets end up being removed and the resulting fibrin strand formation remains. These fibrin strands along with the stress from the blood flow cause fragmentation of the red blood cells, leading to schistocyte formation. In TTP, a schistocyte count between 3–10% is common, but >1% is suggestive of the disease. [7]
Below are a couple of examples of irregular fragmentation that can occur in cells. 1. Red blood cell fragmentation A blood smear from a patient with hemolytic anemia, showing schistocytes A fragmented red blood cell is known as a schistocyte and is generally the result of an intracellular mechanical injury to the red blood cell. [17]
As red blood cells travel through these damaged vessels, they are fragmented resulting in intravascular hemolysis. The resulting schistocytes (red cell fragments) are also increasingly targeted for destruction by the reticuloendothelial system in the spleen, due to their narrow passage through obstructed vessel lumina.
Pyknosis in a necrotic cell is identified by nuclear condensation and fragmentation into small clumps that will be dissolved later in the process of the necrotic cell’s death. [6] Consequently, pyknosis can be distinguished into two types, nucleolytic pyknosis (apoptotic cells) and anucleolytic pyknosis (necrotic cells).
During apoptosis, a cell goes through a series of steps as it eventually breaks down into apoptotic bodies, which undergo phagocytosis.In the context of karyorrhexis, these steps are, in chronological order, pyknosis (the irreversible condensation of chromatin), karyorrhexis (fragmentation of the nucleus and condensed DNA) and karyolysis (dissolution of the chromatin due to endonucleases).
Erythrocyte aggregation is the reversible clumping of red blood cells (RBCs) under low shear forces or at stasis. Stacked red blood cells flow across drying slide. Erythrocytes aggregate in a special way, forming rouleaux. Rouleaux are stacks of erythrocytes which form because of the unique discoid shape of the cells in vertebrate body. The ...
Haemoconia (or Hemoconia) are small particles of lipids formed by fragmentation of the stroma of erythrocytes (red-blood cells). They are ingested by phagocytes within the blood. [1] Haemoconia were first discovered in 1896 by HF Müller. [2] They are minute bits of disintegrated red blood corpuscles.
Cancer specific T-cells can be obtained by fragmentation and isolation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, or by genetically engineering cells from peripheral blood. The cells are activated and grown prior to transfusion into the recipient (tumor bearer).