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Types of electromagnetic radiation. Radiation exposure is a measure of the ionization of air due to ionizing ... Exposure rate constant cobalt-60: 12.838 ...
In the 1930s the roentgen was the most commonly used unit of radiation exposure. This unit is obsolete and no longer clearly defined. This unit is obsolete and no longer clearly defined. One roentgen deposits 0.877 rad in dry air, 0.96 rad in soft tissue, [ 9 ] or anywhere from 1 to more than 4 rad in bone depending on the beam energy. [ 10 ]
Absorbed dose is a dose quantity which represents the specific energy (energy per unit mass) deposited by ionizing radiation in living matter.Absorbed dose is used in the calculation of dose uptake in living tissue in both radiation protection (reduction of harmful effects), and radiology (potential beneficial effects, for example in cancer treatment).
The temperature of stars other than the Sun can be approximated using a similar means by treating the emitted energy as a black body radiation. [27] So: = where L is the luminosity, σ is the Stefan–Boltzmann constant, R is the stellar radius and T is the effective temperature.
The roentgen or röntgen (/ ˈ r ɛ n t ɡ ə n,-dʒ ə n, ˈ r ʌ n t-/; [2] symbol R) is a legacy unit of measurement for the exposure of X-rays and gamma rays, and is defined as the electric charge freed by such radiation in a specified volume of air divided by the mass of that air (statcoulomb per kilogram).
It is often indicated in micrograys per hour (μGy/h) [1] or as an equivalent dose rate Ḣ T in rems per hour (rem/hr) or sieverts per hour (Sv/h). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Dose and dose rate are used to measure different quantities [ 1 ] in the same way that distance and speed are used to measure different quantities.
Kerala's monazite sand (containing a third of the world's economically recoverable reserves of radioactive thorium) emits about 8 microsieverts per hour of gamma radiation, 80 times the dose rate equivalent in London, but a decade-long study of 69,985 residents published in Health Physics in 2009 "showed no excess cancer risk from exposure to ...
The radioactive dosage from consuming one banana is around 10 −7 sievert, or 0.1 microsievert, under the assumptions that all of the radiation produced by potassium-40 is absorbed in the body (which is mostly true, as the majority of the radiation is beta-minus radiation, which has a short range) and that the biological half life of potassium ...