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Darkroom manipulation is a traditional method of manipulating photographs without the use of computers. Some of the common techniques for darkroom manipulation are dodging, burning , and masking , which though similar conceptually to digital manipulations, involve physical rather than virtual techniques.
Burning: a darkroom technique. To burn-in a print, the print is first given normal exposure. Next, extra exposure is given to the area or areas that need to be darkened. A card or other opaque object is held between the enlarger lens and the photographic paper in such a way as to allow light to fall only on the portion of the scene to be darkened.
For example, Ansel Adams used darkroom exposure techniques to darken and lighten photographs. Other techniques include retouching using ink or paint, airbrushing, double exposure, piecing photos or negatives together in the darkroom, and scratching instant films. Software for digital image manipulation ranges from casual to professional skillsets.
This category contains categories and articles relating to the theory and methodology of composing and/or taking photographs, or to their manipulation during or after processing. It should not be confused with Category:Photographic processes, which comprises articles relating to the production of images using light-sensitive materials. [1]
Another use for a darkroom is to load film in and out of cameras, development spools, or film holders, which requires complete darkness. Lacking a darkroom, a photographer can make use of a changing bag , which is a small bag with sleeved arm holes specially designed to be completely light proof and used to prepare film prior to exposure or ...
The Comfort Dog Program can also be adapted to help with math and literacy skills. Instead of questions to prompt an emotional response, math and reading questions can be taped to the dice ...
Other object manipulation skills are linked to sport, magic, and everyday objects or practices. Many object manipulation skills use special props made for that purpose: examples include the varied circus props such as balls, clubs, hoops, rings, poi, staff, and devil sticks; magic props such as cards and coins; sports equipment such as nunchaku ...
Darktable involves the concept of non-destructive editing, similar to that of some other raw manipulation software. Rather than being immediately applied to raster data of the image, the program keeps the original image data until final rendering at the exporting stage — while parameter adjustments made by a user display in real-time.