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Gran Colombia (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈɡɾaŋ koˈlombja] ⓘ, "Great Colombia"), also known as Greater Colombia and officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish: República de Colombia), was a state that encompassed much of northern South America and part of southern North America (aka southern Central America) from 1819 to 1831.
With this, Gran Colombia vanished after 11 years of existence. On 13 May 1830, the Southern District declared its independence from Colombia, forming the State of Ecuador. That day an Assembly of Notables met in Quito to resolve the separation of this region from Gran Colombia and form an independent State, although initially federated.
The history of Colombia includes its settlement by indigenous peoples and the establishment of agrarian societies, notably the Muisca Confederation, Quimbaya Civilization, and Tairona Chiefdoms. The Spanish arrived in 1499 and initiated a period of annexation and colonization, ultimately creating the Viceroyalty of New Granada , with its ...
Historic church of Cúcuta, where the deputies of New Granada (Colombia) and Venezuela signed the Constitution. Simón Bolívar was elected President of the Republic, and Francisco de Paula Santander, Vice-President. This is considered the first constitution of Colombia, and lasted until the dissolution of Gran Colombia in 1831.
Reunification of Gran Colombia refers to the potential future reunification of Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Panama under a single government. Although Gran Colombia was dissolved in the 19th century, [ 1 ] interest and efforts in reunification were expressed as early as 1903 when Panama separated from Colombia .
The territories of the viceroyalty gained full de facto independence from Spain between 1819 and 1822 after a series of military and political struggles, uniting in a republic now known as Gran Colombia. With the dissolution of Gran Colombia, the states of Ecuador, Venezuela, and the Republic of New Granada were created. The Republic of New ...
This new nation comprised Venezuela, New Granada (today Colombia and Panamá) and Quito (today Ecuador). In order to differentiate it from the present Republic of Colombia, historians have traditionally called the nation Gran Colombia. A constitution for the new nation was created at the Congress of Cúcuta in August 1821.
Map showing the shrinking territory of Gran Colombia from 1824 (colored areas, including Venezuela and Ecuador) to 1890 (red line) and the Cundinamarca region. Panama seceded in 1903 from Colombia, and comprises the yellow area in the Central American isthmus.