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Darius I (Old Persian: 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 Dārayavaʰuš; c. 550 – 486 BCE), commonly known as Darius the Great, was the third King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 522 BCE until his death in 486 BCE.
The Medes were an Iranian people who had become a major political power in the Near East by 612 BCE, when they joined the Babylonians in overthrowing Assyria. [6] Their kingdom came to an end in 550 BCE (or 553 BC according to some sources), when it was conquered by Cyrus the Great, the Persian king of Anshan in south-western Iran.
Darius attempted to employ the same strategy, with the Spartans rebelling against the Macedonians, but the Spartans were defeated at Megalopolis. Darius did not take the field against Alexander's army until a year and a half after Granicus, at the Battle of Issus in 333 BC. His forces outnumbered Alexander's soldiers by at least a 2 to 1 ratio ...
Darius I the Great (First reign) Dariamuš: December 522 BC 25 August 521 BC King of the Achaemenid Empire — distant relative of Cyrus II [122] Nebuchadnezzar IV: Nabû-kudurri-uṣur: 25 August 521 BC 27 November 521 BC Babylonian rebel of Armenian descent, claimed to be a son of Nabonidus [124] Darius I the Great (Second reign) Dariamuš ...
Reign Notes Median Kingdom (678 BC–549 BC) 1 Deioces: 700–678 BC First known ruler of Media 2 Phraortes: Son of Deioces 678–625 BC Overthrew Assyrian rule in Media Scythian rule (624–597 BC) 3 Cyaxares: Son of Phraortes 624–585 BC The dynasty of the Median kings was known as the Cyaxarid dynasty, named after him or a pre-Deicoes king ...
The victor, Ochus, adopted the name Darius (Greek sources often call him Darius Nothos, "Bastard"). [3] His reign was marked by a series of revolts by various satraps and involvement in the Greek Peloponnesian War. Soldiers of the Empire, on the tomb of Darius II. Location of Darius II in the Achaemenid family tree.
The Levant showing Jerusalem in c. 830 BCE Neo-Assyrian Empire at its greatest extent Achaemenid Empire under Darius III 1178 BCE: The Battle of Djahy ( Canaan ) between Ramesses III and the Sea Peoples marks the beginning of the decline in power of the New Kingdom in the Levant during the Bronze Age collapse (depicted on the North Wall of the ...
The following are the 25 longest-reigning monarchs of states who were internationally recognised as sovereign for most or all of their reign. Byzantine emperors Constantine VIII and Basil II, reigning for 66 years in total (962–1028) and for 65 years in total (960–1025) respectively, are not included, because for part of those periods they reigned only nominally as junior co-emperors ...