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A study of evaluative voting methods developed several models for generating rated ballots and recommended the spatial model as the most realistic. [7] Their empirical evaluation was based on two elections, the 2009 European Election Survey of 8 candidates by 972 voters, [ 8 ] and the Voter Autrement poll of the 2017 French presidential ...
In political science, economic voting is a theoretical perspective which argues that voter behavior is heavily influenced by the economic conditions in their country at the time of the election. According to the classical form of this perspective, voters tend to vote more in favor of the incumbent candidate and party when the economy is doing ...
A political science model based on rational choice used to explain why citizens do or do not vote. The alternative equation is V = pB + D > C. Where for voting to occur the (P)robability the vote will matter "times" the (B)enefit of one candidate winning over another combined with the feeling of civic (D)uty, must be greater than the (C)ost of ...
For example, vote thresholds in a proportional representation electoral system are found to prompt voters to coordinate their votes. [20] For example, in the 2018 Swedish election, thresholds led voters who identified with a small party to consider the outcomes of their votes on the system of government as well as the other parties' outcomes. [21]
Neutral voting models try to minimize the number of parameters and, as an example of the nothing-up-my-sleeve principle. The most common such model is the impartial anonymous culture model (or Dirichlet model). These models assume voters assign each candidate a utility completely at random (from a uniform distribution).
Each voter location coincides with the median under a certain set of one-dimensional projections. If A, B and C are the candidates, then '1' will vote A-B-C, '2' will vote B-C-A, and '3' will vote C-A-B, giving a Condorcet cycle. This is the subject of the McKelvey–Schofield theorem. Proof. See the diagram, in which the grey disc represents ...
The altruism theory of voting is a model of voter behavior which states that if citizens in a democracy have "social" preferences for the welfare of others, the extremely low probability of a single vote determining an election will be outweighed by the large cumulative benefits society will receive from the voter's preferred policy being enacted, such that it is rational for an “altruistic ...
A voter model is a (continuous time) Markov process with state space = {,} and transition rates function (,), where is a d-dimensional integer lattice, and (•,•) is assumed to be nonnegative, uniformly bounded and continuous as a function of in the product topology on .