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The development of agriculture about 12,000 years ago changed the way humans lived. They switched from nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyles to permanent settlements and farming. [1] Wild grains were collected and eaten from at least 104,000 years ago. [2] However, domestication did not occur until much later.
Hand-pollination allowed global cultivation of the plant. [86] Technology Réunion: 1843 Hand cranked freezer invented by Nancy M. Johnson, credited for the fast diffusion of ice cream. [87] Technology USA 1845 Potato blight infection (1845-1852) leads to famine in Ireland, killing or forcing the emigration of 1.5 million Irish people. [88 ...
While humans started gathering grains at least 105,000 years ago, nascent farmers only began planting them around 11,500 years ago. Sheep, goats, pigs, and cattle were domesticated around 10,000 years ago. Plants were independently cultivated in at least 11 regions of the world.
Research on plant breeding produced varieties of grain crops that could produce high yields with heavy fertilizer input. This resulted in the Green revolution, beginning in the 1940s. [90] By 2000 yields of corn (maize) had risen by a factor of over four. Wheat and soybean yields also rose significantly. [91] [92]
For generations, white bread was the preferred bread of the rich while the poor ate dark (whole grain) bread. However, in most Western societies, the connotations reversed in the late 20th century, with whole-grain bread becoming preferred as having superior nutritional value while Chorleywood bread became associated with lower-class ignorance ...
The cultivation of rice then occurred on a small scale, fields were impermanent plots, and evidence shows that in some cases domesticated and wild grains were planted together. The technological, subsistence, and social impact of rice and grain cultivation is not evident in archaeological data until after 1500 BC.
The Neolithic Revolution, also known as the First Agricultural Revolution, was the wide-scale transition of many human cultures during the Neolithic period in Afro-Eurasia from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one of agriculture and settlement, making an increasingly large population possible. [1]
A Wichita village surrounded by fields of maize and other crops. Gathering wild plants, such as the prairie turnip (Pediomelum esculentum, syn. Psoralea esculenta) and chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) for food was undoubtedly a practice of Indian societies on the Great Plains since their earliest habitation 13,000 or more years ago. [3]