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The number of farms grew from 1.4 million in 1850, to 4.0 million in 1880, and 6.4 million in 1910; then started to fall, dropping to 5.6 million in 1950 and 2.2 million in 2008. [ 1 ] 1946 pictorial map, representing agricultural wealth of the United States
The development of agriculture about 12,000 years ago changed the way humans lived. They switched from nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyles to permanent settlements and farming. [1] Wild grains were collected and eaten from at least 104,000 years ago. [2] However, domestication did not occur until much later.
Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. [1] Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in the cities.
The amount of land needed by a farming household was between two and seven acres (.8 to 2.8 ha) of cultivated land each year, the difference accounted for by the quality of the land. Fields were usually cultivated for two or three years and then fallowed. Fallowed acreage was two to three times that which was cultivated in a given year.
100 BC – Rotary winnowing fan invented in China; 100 BC – The multi-tube seed drill is invented in China; AD 200 – The fishing reel invented in China; 600 – The distillation of alcohol in China; 607 – The Chinese begin constructing a massive canal system to connect the Yellow and Yangtze rivers
About 6,000 years ago, the transition from foraging and small-scale farming to larger scale and more sophisticated farming practice accelerated the process of plant domestication. [3] In this context, plant domestication was rapid and diverse, making the Amazon a major source of domesticated plant species.
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A Century Farm or Centennial Farm is a farm or ranch in the United States or Canada that has been officially recognized by a regional program documenting the farm has been continuously owned by a single family for 100 years or more. Some regions also have Sesquicentennial Farm (150 years) and Bicentennial Farm (200 years) programs.