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Photovoltaic retinal prosthesis is a technology for restoration of sight to patients blinded by degenerative retinal diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), when patients lose the 'image capturing' photoreceptors, but neurons in the 'image-processing' inner retinal layers are relatively well-preserved. [1]
A solar cell, also known as a photovoltaic cell (PV cell), is an electronic device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by means of the photovoltaic effect. [1] It is a form of photoelectric cell, a device whose electrical characteristics (such as current, voltage, or resistance) vary when it is exposed to light.
The center of the fovea holds very few blue-sensitive cones. Distribution of rods and cones along a line passing through the fovea and the blind spot of a human eye [14] The vertebrate retina has 10 distinct layers. [15] From closest to farthest from the vitreous body: Inner limiting membrane – basement membrane elaborated by Müller cells
Choroid is the most common site for metastasis in the eye due to its extensive vascular supply. The origin of the metastases are usually from breast cancer, lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, and kidney cancer. Bilateral choroidal metastases are usually due to breast cancer, while unilateral metastasis is due to lung cancer.
However, the solar frequency spectrum approximates a black body spectrum at about 5,800 K, [1] and as such, much of the solar radiation reaching the Earth is composed of photons with energies greater than the band gap of silicon (1.12eV), which is near to the ideal value for a terrestrial solar cell (1.4eV).
The internal limiting membrane, or inner limiting membrane, is the boundary between the retina and the vitreous body, formed by astrocytes and the end feet of Müller cells. It is separated from the vitreous body by a basal lamina.
The fovea centralis is a small, central pit composed of closely packed cones in the eye.It is located in the center of the macula lutea of the retina. [1] [2]The fovea is responsible for sharp central vision (also called foveal vision), which is necessary in humans for activities for which visual detail is of primary importance, such as reading and driving.
The corneal endothelium is a single layer of endothelial cells on the inner surface of the cornea.It faces the chamber formed between the cornea and the iris. The corneal endothelium are specialized, flattened, mitochondria-rich cells that line the posterior surface of the cornea and face the anterior chamber of the eye.