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One classical thermal escape mechanism is Jeans escape, [1] named after British astronomer Sir James Jeans, who first described this process of atmospheric loss. [2] In a quantity of gas, the average velocity of any one molecule is measured by the gas's temperature, but the velocities of individual molecules change as they collide with one another, gaining and losing kinetic energy.
[1] [2] The low eccentricity and comparatively small size of its orbit give Venus the least range in distance between perihelion and aphelion of the planets: 1.46 million km. The planet orbits the Sun once every 225 days [3] and travels 4.54 au (679,000,000 km; 422,000,000 mi) in doing so, [4] giving an average orbital speed of 35 km/s (78,000 ...
YSES 1 b and c have a semi-major axis of ~162 and ~320 AU, respectively. [1] The separation between closest and furthest is around 158 AU. Two planetary-mass objects with masses slightly above the deuterium limit Mu2 Scorpii b and c (the later is unconfirmed) have a semi-major axis of ~19 and ~242 AU, respectively; hence the range of semi-major ...
In most situations it is impractical to achieve escape velocity almost instantly, because of the acceleration implied, and also because if there is an atmosphere, the hypersonic speeds involved (on Earth a speed of 11.2 km/s, or 40,320 km/h) would cause most objects to burn up due to aerodynamic heating or be torn apart by atmospheric drag. For ...
The atmosphere of Venus is a prominent case of extreme super-rotation; the Venusian atmosphere circles the planet in just four Earth days, much faster than Venus' sidereal day of 243 Earth days. [1] The initial observations of Venus' super rotation were Earth-based. Modern GCM models and observations are often enhanced by looking at past ...
"Venus now has surface conditions that are extreme compared to Earth, with an atmospheric pressure 90 times greater, surface temperatures soaring to around 465°C (869°F), and a toxic atmosphere ...
Venus is the second planet from the Sun.It is a terrestrial planet and is the closest in mass and size to its orbital neighbour Earth.Venus has by far the densest atmosphere of the terrestrial planets, composed mostly of carbon dioxide with a thick, global sulfuric acid cloud cover.
Venus has a diameter of about 7,500 miles (12,000 km), slightly smaller than Earth. The new study builds on previous findings of ongoing Venusian volcanic activity.