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The WLF equation is a consequence of time–temperature superposition (TTSP), which mathematically is an application of Boltzmann's superposition principle. It is TTSP, not WLF, that allows the assembly of a compliance master curve that spans more time, or frequency, than afforded by the time available for experimentation or the frequency range ...
The WLF-model can be developed from Doolittle's concept of free volume and the thermal expansion coefficient . α T E {\displaystyle \alpha _{\rm {TE}}} has a discontinuity when going below T g {\displaystyle T_{g}} for these types of materials, which can be seen as a phase shift going to more of a solid state (the glassy region).
This transfer of momentum can be thought of as a frictional force between layers of flow. Since the momentum transfer is caused by free motion of gas molecules between collisions, increasing thermal agitation of the molecules results in a larger viscosity. Hence, gaseous viscosity increases with temperature.
Flory–Huggins solution theory is a lattice model of the thermodynamics of polymer solutions which takes account of the great dissimilarity in molecular sizes in adapting the usual expression for the entropy of mixing. The result is an equation for the Gibbs free energy change for mixing a polymer with a solvent. Although it makes simplifying ...
where is the polymer's characteristic persistence length, is the Boltzmann constant, and is the absolute temperature. At finite temperatures, the end-to end distance of the polymer will be significantly shorter than the maximum length . This is caused by thermal fluctuations, which result in a coiled, random configuration of the undisturbed ...
Polymer physics and polymer chemistry are also related to the field of polymer science, which is considered to be the applicative part of polymers. Polymers are large molecules and thus are very complicated for solving using a deterministic method.
Schematic diagram of topochemical polymerization, the monomer is first crystallized and polymerized to give the polymer product. Topochemical polymerization is a polymerization method performed by monomers aligned in the crystal state. In this process, the monomers are crystallised and polymerised under external stimuli such as heat, light, or ...
FENE-P is one of few polymer models that can be used in computational fluid dynamics simulations since it removes the need of statistical averaging at each grid point at any instant in time. It is demonstrated to be able to capture some of the most important polymeric flow behaviors such as polymer turbulence drag reduction and shear thinning.