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An electric field is produced when the charge is stationary with respect to an observer measuring the properties of the charge, and a magnetic field as well as an electric field are produced when the charge moves, creating an electric current with respect to this observer. Over time, it was realized that the electric and magnetic fields are ...
Thus, a piece of iron in its lowest energy state ("unmagnetized") generally has little or no net magnetic field. However, the magnetic domains in a material are not fixed in place; they are simply regions where the spins of the electrons have aligned spontaneously due to their magnetic fields, and thus can be altered by an external magnetic field.
This demagnetizing field is applied opposite to the original saturating field. There are however different definitions of coercivity, depending on what counts as 'demagnetized', thus the bare term "coercivity" may be ambiguous: The normal coercivity, H Cn, is the H field required to reduce the magnetic flux (average B field inside the material ...
Similar to the way that a changing magnetic field generates an electric field, a changing electric field generates a magnetic field. This fact is known as Maxwell's correction to Ampère's law and is applied as an additive term to Ampere's law as given above. This additional term is proportional to the time rate of change of the electric flux ...
Hysteresis loss is determined by a standard Epstein tester and, for common grades of electrical steel, may range from about 2 to 10 watts per kilogram (1 to 5 watts per pound) at 60 Hz and 1.5 tesla magnetic field strength. Electrical steel can be delivered in a semi-processed state so that, after punching the final shape, a final heat ...
Magnetic field generated by passing a current through a coil. An electric current flowing in a wire creates a magnetic field around the wire, due to Ampere's law (see drawing of wire with magnetic field). To concentrate the magnetic field in an electromagnet, the wire is wound into a coil with many turns of wire lying side-by-side. [2]
electric flux: volt metre: V⋅m kg⋅m 3 ⋅s −3 ⋅A −1: E electric field strength volt per metre: V/m = N/C kg⋅m⋅A −1 ⋅s −3: D electric displacement field: coulomb per square metre: C/m 2: A⋅s⋅m −2: ε permittivity: farad per metre: F/m kg −1 ⋅m −3 ⋅A 2 ⋅s 4: χ e electric susceptibility (dimensionless) 1 1 p ...
Magnetostriction applies to magnetic fields, while electrostriction applies to electric fields. Magnetostriction causes energy loss due to frictional heating in susceptible ferromagnetic cores, and is also responsible for the low-pitched humming sound that can be heard coming from transformers, where alternating currents produce a changing ...