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There are some notable similarities in equations for momentum, energy, and mass transfer [7] which can all be transported by diffusion, as illustrated by the following examples: Mass: the spreading and dissipation of odors in air is an example of mass diffusion. Energy: the conduction of heat in a solid material is an example of heat diffusion.
Doping of a pure silicon array. Silicon based intrinsic semiconductor becomes extrinsic when impurities such as boron and antimony are introduced.. In semiconductor production, doping is the intentional introduction of impurities into an intrinsic (undoped) semiconductor for the purpose of modulating its electrical, optical and structural properties.
Undoped conjugated polymers are semiconductors or insulators. In such compounds, the energy gap can be > 2 eV, which is too great for thermally activated conduction. Therefore, undoped conjugated polymers, such as polythiophenes, polyacetylenes only have a low electrical conductivity of around 10 −10 to 10 −8 S/cm. Even at a very low level ...
The mechanism is similar to transfer of momentum of balls in a Newton's cradle [11] but the rapid propagation of an electric energy along a wire is not due to the mechanical forces, but the propagation of an energy-carrying electromagnetic field guided by the wire. Most metals have electrical resistance.
The delay angle α, which is the instant the gate current pulse is applied with respect to the instant of natural conduction (ωt = 0), controls the start of conduction. Once the SCR conducts, the SCR does not turn off until the current through the SCR, i s , becomes negative. i s stays zero until another gate current pulse is applied and SCR ...
The conduction of current of intrinsic semiconductor is enabled purely by electron excitation across the band-gap, which is usually small at room temperature except for narrow-bandgap semiconductors, like Hg 0.8 Cd 0.2 Te. The conductivity of a semiconductor can be modeled in terms of the band theory of solids.
In electronics, electric power and telecommunication, coupling is the transfer of electrical energy from one circuit to another, or between parts of a circuit. Coupling can be deliberate as part of the function of the circuit, or it may be undesirable, for instance due to coupling to stray fields.
If the Fermi level lies closer to the conduction band (valence band) then the semiconductor type will be of n-type (p-type). When the gate voltage is increased in a positive sense (for the given example), [clarify] this will shift the intrinsic energy level band so that it will curve downwards towards the valence band. If the Fermi level lies ...