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According to historical records, a civil law called the Code Civil des Français was formed in 1804, in which most European referred to them as the Napoleon Code. [2] On 24 May 1806 the Netherlands became a French client state, styled the Kingdom of Holland under Napoleon's brother, Louis Bonaparte in which he was instructed by Napoleon to receive and enact the Napoleonic Code.
Law of Indonesia is based on a civil law system, intermixed with local customary law and Dutch law.Before European presence and colonization began in the sixteenth century, indigenous kingdoms ruled the archipelago independently with their own custom laws, known as adat (unwritten, traditional rules still observed in the Indonesian society). [1]
The 1945 State Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, lit. ' Basic Law of State of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945', commonly abbreviated as UUD 1945 or UUD '45 ) is the supreme law and basis for all laws of Indonesia .
Indonesia was supported materially and diplomatically by the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom, who regarded Indonesia as an anti-communist ally. Following the 1998 resignation of Suharto , the people of East Timor voted overwhelmingly for independence in a UN-sponsored referendum held on 30 August 1999.
In 2001–2004, this ministry was known as the Department of Law and Legislation (Departemen Hukum dan Perundang-undangan). From 2004–2009, this ministry was known as the Department of Law and Human Rights ( Departemen Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia ).
As regulated by the 1985 Supreme Court Act (Indonesian: Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 1985 tentang Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia) [1] and has since amended twice in 2004 [2] and 2009, [4] the Supreme Court's leadership consists of a Chief Justice, two Deputy Chief Justices, and several (currently seven) Chamber Presidents.
Today, Indonesia's legal system is based on Dutch Colonial Law, Adat Law and National Law. [3] [4] After Indonesia gained independence in August 1945, it adopted the Dutch HIR as its code of criminal procedure. In 1981, Indonesia replaced HIR with the KUHAP. The KUHAP improved upon the HIR by adding adversarial features to the criminal procedure.
Indonesia is a founding member of the Association of South East Asian Nations, and thereby a member of both ASEAN+3 and the East Asia Summit. Since the 1980s, Indonesia has worked to develop close political and economic ties between Southeast Asian countries, and is also influential in the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.