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With wildfires and increased warming, scientists say the Arctic’s tundra is now a carbon source. The region had been a carbon sink for thousands of years (NOAA Climate.gov; Arctic Report)
Arctic warming negatively affects the foraging and breeding ecology of native Arctic mammals, such as Arctic foxes or Arctic reindeer. [91] In July 2019, 200 Svalbard reindeer were found starved to death apparently due to low precipitation related to climate change. [92] This was only one episode in the long-term decline of the species.
Warmer air can also make clouds higher and thinner, and therefore more insulating, increasing climate warming. [160] The reduction of snow cover and sea ice in the Arctic is another major feedback, this reduces the reflectivity of the Earth's surface in the region and accelerates Arctic warming .
The Arctic Ocean is the mass of water positioned approximately above latitude 65° N. Arctic Sea Ice refers to the area of the Arctic Ocean covered by ice. The Arctic sea ice minimum is the day in a given year when Arctic sea ice reaches its smallest extent, occurring at the end of the summer melting season, normally during September.
Some scientists, including Francis, say there could be a connection between global warming and the wandering polar vortex: The theory is that when weird warmth invades the Arctic, some of the cold ...
Some parts of the Arctic are covered by ice (sea ice, glacial ice, or snow) year-round, especially at the most poleward parts; and nearly all parts of the Arctic experience long periods with some form of ice or snow on the surface. Average January temperatures range from about −40 to 0 °C (−40 to 32 °F), and winter temperatures can drop ...
Much of the United States is shivering through brutal cold as most of the rest of the world is feeling unusually warm weather. Wind chills in parts of North Dakota reached minus 70 degrees (minus ...
Some climate change effects: wildfire caused by heat and dryness, bleached coral caused by ocean acidification and heating, environmental migration caused by desertification, and coastal flooding caused by storms and sea level rise. Effects of climate change are well documented and growing for Earth's natural environment and human societies. Changes to the climate system include an overall ...