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In the military, de-escalation is a way to prevent military conflict escalation. A historic example is the teaching harvested from the Proud Prophet war simulation of a conflict between the US and the USSR, which took place in 1983. In war-time diplomacy, de-escalation is used as an exit strategy, sometimes called an "off-ramp" or "slip road ...
Although this study took place in Turkey, it opened up the door for cross-cultural research into conflict management. [10] The study defined each of the five modes as to how it scored with regard to assertiveness and competitiveness: [ 10 ] competing is high in assertiveness, collaborating is high in both, accommodating is high in ...
Conflict resolution is conceptualized as the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of conflict and retribution.Committed group members attempt to resolve group conflicts by actively communicating information about their conflicting motives or ideologies to the rest of group (e.g., intentions; reasons for holding certain beliefs) and by engaging in collective ...
Models of escalation in conflicts are the Friedrich Glasl's model of conflict escalation, [2] the conflict curve by Michael S. Lund [25] [26] [27] and the hourglass model by Oliver Ramsbotham. [ 25 ] [ 28 ] When an escalation is initiated by one party there often is a sequence of escalation behaviour: requests , demands , angry remarks ...
Solutions leading to de-escalation are not immediately apparent in this model, [4] particularly when it appears to both conflict parties impossible to reverse the situation (e.g. an aggressive act on the territory of a state, separation of a common child from the other parent, withdrawal of nationality by a state, mass redundancy to improve ...
The study of crisis management originated with large-scale industrial and environmental disasters in the 1980s. [2] [3] It is considered to be the most important process in public relations. [3] Three elements are common to a crisis: (a) a threat to the organization, (b) the element of surprise, and (c) a short decision time. [4]
In contrast, de-escalation are approaches which lead to a decrease or end of a conflict. [2] While the word escalation was used as early as in 1938, it was popularized during the Cold War by two important books: On Escalation (Herman Kahn, 1965) and Escalation and the Nuclear Option (Bernard Brodie, 1966). [3]
Strategic studies is an interdisciplinary academic field centered on the study of peace and conflict strategies, often devoting special attention to the relationship between military history, international politics, geostrategy, international diplomacy, international economics, and military power.