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A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol γ), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from high energy interactions like the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei or astronomical events like solar flares. It consists of the shortest wavelength electromagnetic waves, typically shorter than those of X-rays.
Gamma rays, at the high-frequency end of the spectrum, have the highest photon energies and the shortest wavelengths—much smaller than an atomic nucleus. Gamma rays, X-rays, and extreme ultraviolet rays are called ionizing radiation because their high photon energy is able to ionize atoms, causing chemical reactions. Longer-wavelength ...
Mean free path of gamma rays ... mean free path is the average distance over which a ... as well as different assumptions about the value of atmospheric pressure (100 ...
Electromagnetic – gamma rays: 10 21: 1 zettahertz (ZHz) 36 ZHz: Resonance width of the rho meson: 10 24: 1 yottahertz (YHz) 10 27: 1 ronnahertz (RHz) 3.9 RHz: Highest energy (16 TeV) gamma ray detected, from Markarian 501: 10 30: 1 quettahertz (QHz) 10 43: 10 trillion QHz: 18.5 trillion QHz: The unit of inverse time (or frequency) in the ...
Solar radiation pressure strongly affects comet tails. Solar heating causes gases to be released from the comet nucleus, which also carry away dust grains. Radiation pressure and solar wind then drive the dust and gases away from the Sun's direction. The gases form a generally straight tail, while slower moving dust particles create a broader ...
Artist's conception of gamma-ray flash and related phenomena. The red dots show some of the ~500 terrestrial gamma-ray flashes daily detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope through 2010. A terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF), also known as dark lightning, is a burst of gamma rays produced in Earth's atmosphere.
Since muons have a mean lifetime of just 2.2 μs, muons generated from cosmic-ray collisions 10 km (6.2 mi) high in Earth's atmosphere should be nondetectable on the ground due to their decay rate. However, roughly 10% of muons from these collisions are still detectable on the surface, thereby demonstrating the effects of time dilation on their ...
The MAGIC telescope is used to detect very-high-energy gamma rays. A very-high-energy gamma ray (VHEGR) is gamma radiation with photon energies of 100 GeV (gigaelectronvolt) to 100 TeV (teraelectronvolt), i.e., 10 11 to 10 14 electronvolts. [1] This is approximately equal to wavelengths between 10 −17 and 10 −20 meters, or frequencies of 2 ...