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Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), popularly known as Kennedy's disease, is a rare, adult-onset, X-linked recessive lower motor neuron disease caused by trinucleotide CAG repeat expansions in exon 1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene, which results in both loss of AR function and toxic gain of function.
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) Kennedy's disease (KD) 313200: NR3C4: Xq12: X-linked recessive: Affects primarily bulbar muscles as well as sensory nerves mainly in adult men, progressive X-linked spinal muscular atrophy type 2 (SMAX2) Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita – X-linked type 1 (AMCX1) 301830: UBA1: Xp11.23: X-linked recessive
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disorder that results in the loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It is usually diagnosed in infancy or early childhood and if left untreated it is the most common genetic cause of infant death. [ 6 ]
Spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominance 2A (SMALED2A) is a rare neuromuscular disorder characterised by muscle weakness predominantly in legs.The disorder is usually diagnosed shortly after birth; affected children have a delayed motor development, waddling gait, difficulties walking, sometimes develop spasticity.
PMA is a diagnosis of exclusion, there is no specific test which can conclusively establish whether a patient has the condition. Instead, a number of other possibilities have to be ruled out, such as multifocal motor neuropathy or spinal muscular atrophy. Tests used in the diagnostic process include MRI, clinical examination, and EMG. EMG tests ...
X-linked spinal muscular atrophy type 2 is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. The gene associated with this disorder, UBA1, is located on the X chromosome at Xp11.3 and contains 27 exons; moreover, translation begins at the second exon. [6]
Distal spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (DSMA1), also known as spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1), is a rare neuromuscular disorder involving death of motor neurons in the spinal cord which leads to a generalised progressive atrophy of body muscles.
Distal muscular dystrophy, also called distal myopathy, is essentially any muscle disease that preferentially affects the hands and/or feet, a much less common pattern than proximal muscle weakness. Late adult-onset type 1