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Standard Costing is a technique of Cost Accounting to compare the actual costs with standard costs (that are pre-defined) with the help of Variance Analysis. It is used to understand the variations of product costs in manufacturing. [6] Standard costing allocates fixed costs incurred in an accounting period to the goods produced during that period.
About the relation of cost accounting and general accounting Nicholson (1920) proceeded: Cost accounting, as a science, is a branch of general accounting. Its province is to analyze and record the cost of the various items of material, labor and indirect expense incurred in the operation of a factory, and to so compile these elements as to show ...
One simple definition of management accounting is the provision of financial and non-financial decision-making information to managers. [2] In other words, management accounting helps the directors inside an organization to make decisions. This can also be known as Cost Accounting.
Cost Accounting Standards (popularly known as CAS) are a set of 19 standards and rules promulgated by the United States Government for use in determining costs on negotiated procurements. CAS differs from the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) in that FAR applies to substantially all contractors, whereas CAS applied primarily to the larger ones.
Alfred John Liversedge (Huddersfield, 1854 – Croydon, 20 August 1934 [1]) was a British engineer, manager, and author, known from the 1889 publication "Engineering Estimates, Costs and Accounts," written under the pseudonym "A general manager." This work was one of the seminal works in the field of cost accounting. [2] [3]
Inspired by the work of William J. Vatter, Horngren published the influential textbook Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis, in 1962. This was the first of a number of books on financial and cost accounting Horngren co-authored, which shaped the theory of modern-day management accounting. [1]
An important part of standard cost accounting is a variance analysis, which breaks down the variation between actual cost and standard costs into various components (volume variation, material cost variation, labor cost variation, etc.) so managers can understand why costs were different from what was planned and take appropriate action to ...
In accounting, costs are the monetary value of expenditures for supplies, services, labor, products, equipment and other items purchased for use by a business or other accounting entity. [2] It is the amount denoted on invoices as the price and recorded in book keeping records as an expense or asset cost basis .