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[4] [5] If an algorithm is designed so that it will break a problem into smaller subproblems (divide and conquer), its running time is described by a recurrence relation. A simple example is the time an algorithm takes to find an element in an ordered vector with n {\displaystyle n} elements, in the worst case.
The previous 2 alternatives are not exhaustive; e.g., the red relation y = x 2 given in the diagram below is neither irreflexive, nor reflexive, since it contains the pair (0,0), but not (2,2), respectively. Symmetric for all x, y ∈ X, if xRy then yRx.