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v. t. e. A research proposal is a document proposing a research project, generally in the sciences or academia, and generally constitutes a request for sponsorship of that research. [1] Proposals are evaluated on the cost and potential impact of the proposed research, and on the soundness of the proposed plan for carrying it out. [2]
Business proposals are often a key step in a complex sales process, where a buyer considers more than price in a purchase. [1] A proposal puts the buyer's requirements in a context that favors the seller's products and services, and educates the buyer about the seller's capability to satisfy their needs. [2]
Grant writing is the practice of completing an application process for a financial grant, which are often provided by governments, corporations, foundations, and trusts. [1] The skill of grant writing is known as grantsmanship. [2] Grants are often written for charitable causes, research, and artistic projects. [3]
Business and economics portal. v. t. e. Project management is the process of supervising the work of a team to achieve all project goals within the given constraints. [1] This information is usually described in project documentation, created at the beginning of the development process. The primary constraints are scope, time, and budget. [2]
A project plan, according to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), is: "...a formal, approved document used to guide both project execution and project control. The primary uses of the project plan are to document planning assumptions and decisions, facilitate communication among project stakeholders, and document approved scope ...
Terms of reference (TOR) define the purpose and structures of a project, committee, meeting, negotiation, or any similar collection of people who have agreed to work together to accomplish a shared goal. [1][2] Terms of reference show how the object in question will be defined, developed, and verified. They should also provide a documented ...
v. t. e. Action research is a philosophy and methodology of research generally applied in the social sciences. It seeks transformative change through the simultaneous process of taking action and doing research, which are linked together by critical reflection. Kurt Lewin, then a professor at MIT, first coined the term "action research" in 1944.
v. t. e. A business plan is a formal written document containing the goals of a business, the methods for attaining those goals, and the time-frame for the achievement of the goals. It also describes the nature of the business, background information on the organization, the organization's financial projections, and the strategies it intends to ...
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