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The Atacama Desert (Spanish: Desierto de Atacama) is a desert plateau located on the Pacific coast of South America, in the north of Chile.Stretching over a 1,600-kilometre-long (1,000-mile) strip of land west of the Andes Mountains, it covers an area of 105,000 km 2 (41,000 sq mi), [2] which increases to 128,000 km 2 (49,000 sq mi) if the barren lower slopes of the Andes are included.
Much of the region is desert, and encompasses considerable mineral resources. [5] Numerous flora and fauna species are found in the Atacama Region. One subspecies of the lesser rhea , known by the scientific name Rhea pennata tarapacensis , is a notable large terrestrial bird in this region, which subspecies is considered endangered .
It is situated in the middle of the arid Atacama Desert, considered one of the best places on Earth for astronomy. The telescope is located on Armazones Hill, about 3,050 meters (10,000 feet ...
Humberstone and Santa Laura are located 45 km east of the city of Iquique in the Atacama Desert in the Tarapacá Region in northern Chile. [3] Other saltpeter works or "nitrate towns" include Chacabuco, Maria Elena, Pedro de Valdivia, Puelma and Aguas Santas.
Iquique (Spanish pronunciation:) is a port city and commune in northern Chile, capital of both the Iquique Province and Tarapacá Region. It lies on the Pacific coast, west of the Pampa del Tamarugal, which is part of the Atacama Desert. It has a population of 191,468 according to the 2017 census. [2]
It is located in the Atacama Desert of Northern Chile on Cerro Paranal at 2,635 m (8,645 ft) altitude, 120 km (70 mi) south of Antofagasta. By total light-collecting area, it is the largest optical-infrared observatory in the Southern Hemisphere; worldwide, it is second to the Mauna Kea Observatory on Hawaii.
In the Atacama Desert region of northern Chile, the skies are exceptionally clear and dry for more than 300 days of the year. These conditions have attracted the world's scientific community to develop highly ambitious astronomical projects in the Atacama Desert. [4] [5]
The Atacama people, also called Atacameño, are an Indigenous people from the Atacama Desert and altiplano region in the north of Chile and Argentina and southern Bolivia, mainly the Antofagasta Region.
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