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A battery charger, recharger, or simply charger, [1] [2] is a device that stores energy in an electric battery by running current through it. The charging protocol—how much voltage and current, for how long and what to do when charging is complete—depends on the size and type of the battery being charged.
The charge control consists of a pressure switch built into the cell, which disconnects the charging current when the internal cell pressure rises above a certain limit; usually 200 pounds per square inch (1.4 MPa) to 300 pounds per square inch (2.1 MPa). This prevents overcharging and damage to the cell.
Discharging the battery fully before recharging may be called "deep discharge"; partially discharging then recharging may be called "shallow discharge". A "charge cycle" is not a unit of time; the length of time spent charging or discharging does not affect the number of charge cycles. [1] Each battery is affected differently by charge cycles ...
A power bank is a portable device consisting of a battery, a charger to interface battery with charging power source and an output interface to provide desired output voltage. [10] Power banks are made in various sizes and typically based on lithium-ion batteries. A power bank contains battery cells and a voltage converter circuitry.
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IUoU battery charging is a three-stage charging procedure for lead-acid batteries. A lead-acid battery's nominal voltage is 2.2 V for each cell. For a single cell, the voltage can range from 1.8 V loaded at full discharge, to 2.10 V in an open circuit at full charge.
A battery management system (BMS) is any electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack) by facilitating the safe usage and a long life of the battery in practical scenarios while monitoring and estimating its various states (such as state of health and state of charge), [1] calculating secondary data, reporting that data, controlling its environment ...
A charge controller, charge regulator or battery regulator limits the rate at which electric current is added to or drawn from electric batteries to protect against electrical overload, overcharging, and may protect against overvoltage. [1] [2] This prevents conditions that reduce battery performance or lifespan and may pose a safety risk. It ...