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In 1976, Alabama outlawed traditional midwifery, but Smith was allowed to continue on for a while due to her experience. She received her last permit to practice midwifery in 1981. [4] (The state later passed laws allowing nurse-midwives to practice in hospitals). [7]
Martha Moore Ballard (February 20, 1735 – May 7, 1812) was an American midwife, healer, and diarist.Unusual for the time, Ballard kept a diary with thousands of entries over nearly three decades, which has provided historians with invaluable insight into colonial frontier-women's lives.
Mrs. Smith was licensed to practice midwifery by the state in the late 1940s, after Alabama began to regulate lay midwives. [18] At the time, becoming a registered midwife in Smith's home of Greene County, Alabama required either a state-run month-long lay midwifery training course or a nurse-midwifery education that could take several years. [18]
A midwife (pl.: midwives) is a health professional who cares for mothers and newborns around childbirth, a specialisation known as midwifery.. The education and training for a midwife concentrates extensively on the care of women throughout their lifespan; concentrating on being experts in what is normal and identifying conditions that need further evaluation.
During the late Middle Ages a few books were written for teaching midwifery for both women and men. Prior to this point, midwife manuals contained outdated information and were written by individuals who studied medical theory without physician influence. [3] Midwives were involved with births from all social classes to various degrees.
In 1991, she opened her own practice and started working as an independent midwife. Cronk joined the English National Board of the United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting , and served on the RCM Council between September 1999 and August 2003.
Soon, this practice became highly male dominated despite the resistance of many female midwives. Historians have attempted to answer the question of why males took over; some have said that males took over because of religious, medical, or other reasons, but the main one being the choice of the mother giving birth.
The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), a subsidiary of the American Nurses Association (ANA), is a certification body for nursing board certification and the largest certification body for advanced practice registered nurses in the United States, [1] as of 2011 certifying over 75,000 APRNs, including nurse practitioners and clinical nurse specialists.