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Yoga and other aspects of Indian philosophy came to the attention of the educated Western public during the mid-19th century, and N. C. Paul published his Treatise on Yoga Philosophy in 1851. [238] Swami Vivekananda , the first Hindu teacher to advocate and disseminate elements of yoga to a Western audience, toured Europe and the United States ...
Yoga philosophy is one of the six major important schools of Hindu philosophy, [1] [2] though it is only at the end of the first millennium CE that Yoga is mentioned as a separate school of thought in Indian texts, distinct from Samkhya. [3] [4] [web 1] Ancient, medieval and most modern literature often refers to Yoga-philosophy simply as Yoga.
Some of the Hindu yoga elements were adopted by Sufi sect of Muslims in India. [25] [26] The Sufi Muslims at times adopted and protected the Yoga tradition of Hindus during the Islamic rule of India, and at other times helped the persecution and violence against those Hindus. [27] The Mughal Emperor Akbar, known for his syncretic tolerance, was ...
A yogi is a practitioner of Yoga, [1] including a sannyasin or practitioner of meditation in Indian religions. [2] The feminine form, sometimes used in English, is yogini.. Yogi has since the 12th century CE also denoted members of the Nath siddha tradition of Hinduism, [3] and in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism, a practitioner of tantra.
Yoga is both a theory and a practice. Yoga gained wide acceptance in ancient India, its ideas and practices became part of many religious schools in Hinduism, including those that were very different from Sāmkhya. The eight limbs of yoga can be interpreted as a way to liberation (moksha). [77] [78]
Patanjali may have been, as Max Müller explains, "the author or representative of the Yoga-philosophy without being necessarily the author of the Sutras." [78] Hindu philosophy recognises many types of Yoga, such as rāja yoga, jñāna yoga, [79] karma yoga, bhakti yoga, tantra yoga, mantra yoga, laya yoga, and hatha yoga. [80]
The main schools of Indian philosophy were formalised and recognised chiefly between 500 BCE and the late centuries of the Common Era. [citation needed] Some schools like Jainism, Buddhism, Yoga, Śaiva and Vedanta survived, but others, like Ajñana, Charvaka and Ājīvika did not.
Haṭha yoga represented a trend towards the democratization of yoga insights and religion similar to the Bhakti movement. It eliminated the need for "either ascetic renunciation or priestly intermediaries, ritual paraphernalia and sectarian initiations". [34] This led to its broad historic popularity in India.