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Madam C. J. Walker (born Sarah Breedlove; December 23, 1867 – May 25, 1919) was an American entrepreneur, philanthropist, and political and social activist.Walker is recorded as the first female self-made millionaire in America in the Guinness Book of World Records. [1]
Janice Bryant Howroyd (born September 1, 1952) is an entrepreneur, businesswoman, and author. She is founder and chief executive officer of The ActOne Group, [1] the largest privately held, minority-woman-owned personnel company founded in the U.S. [2] [3] Howroyd is the first African-American woman to build and own a billion dollar company.
By the 1970s, federal programs to promote minority business activity provided new funding, although the opening world of mainstream management in large corporations attracted a great deal of talent. Black entrepreneurs originally based in music and sports diversified to build "brand" names that made for success in the advertising and media worlds.
Reginald Francis Lewis (December 7, 1942 – January 19, 1993), was an American businessman. He was one of the richest Black American men in the 1980s, and the first African-American to build a billion-dollar company: TLC Beatrice International Holdings Inc. [1]
First African-American woman, and first woman, inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame: Aretha Franklin; First African-American Radio City Music Hall Rockette: Jennifer Jones; First African-American man to sail around the world solo: Teddy Seymour; First African-American CEO of a Fortune 500 company: Clifton R. Wharton Jr. [280]
Mary Ellen Pleasant (August 19, 1814 [a] – January 11, 1904 [b]) was an American entrepreneur, financier, real estate magnate and abolitionist.She was arguably the first self-made millionaire of African-American heritage, preceding Madam C. J. Walker by decades.
Thomas L. Jennings (c. 1791 – February 12, 1859) was an African-American inventor, tradesman, entrepreneur, and abolitionist in New York City, New York.He has the distinction of being the first African-American patent-holder in history; he was granted the patent in 1821 for his novel method of dry cleaning. [1]
[4] [3]: 2 The house was near the First African Baptist Church which, like many black churches at the time, was an economic, political, and social center for the local black community. [3]: 3 After the untimely death of William Mitchell, Walker's mother supported her family by working as a laundress.