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Charles Carpenter Fries (November 29, 1887 – December 8, 1967) was an American linguist and language teacher. Fries is considered the creator of the Aural-Oral method [1] (also erroneously called the Audio-Lingual method [2]). He believed, along with Robert Lado, that language teaching and learning should be approached in a scientific way. [3]
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... 2020) was Professor Emeritus, Language Reading and Culture, ... "Is the Linguistic Approach an Improvement ...
Lado and Charles Carpenter Fries were both associated with the strong version of the contrastive hypothesis, the belief that difficulties in learning a language can be predicted on the basis of a systematic comparison of the system of the learner's first language (its grammar, phonology, and lexicon) with the system of a second language.
He was an essential contributor to research on the nature of the reading process together with researchers such as George Armitage Miller, Kenneth S. Goodman, Paul A. Kolers, Jane W. Torrey, Jane Mackworth, Richard Venezky, Robert Calfee, and Julian Hochberg. [4] Smith and Goodman are founders of whole language approach for reading instruction. [5]
Whole language is a philosophy of reading and a discredited [8] educational method originally developed for teaching literacy in English to young children. The method became a major model for education in the United States, Canada, New Zealand, and the UK in the 1980s and 1990s, [7] despite there being no scientific support for the method's effectiveness. [9]
Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field which identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems. Some of the academic fields related to applied linguistics are education, psychology, communication research, information science, natural language processing, anthropology, and sociology.
Word recognition is a manner of reading based upon the immediate perception of what word a familiar grouping of letters represents. This process exists in opposition to phonetics and word analysis, as a different method of recognizing and verbalizing visual language (i.e. reading). [8] Word recognition functions primarily on automaticity.
Balanced literacy is a theory of teaching reading and writing the English language that arose in the 1990s and has a variety of interpretations. For some, balanced literacy strikes a balance between whole language and phonics and puts an end to the so called "reading wars".