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Fortress of Justinian (Albanian: Kalaja e Justinianit) or simply known as Tirana Castle (Albanian: Kalaja e Tiranës) is a castle in Tirana, Albania. Its history dates back before 1300 and is a remnant from the Byzantine-era.
The fortress contained two gates (north and south), of which the northern gate functioned as the formal entrance to the Peloponnese. [4] In the reign of Justinian, the wall was fortified with additional towers, reaching a total number of 153, [5] with forts at either end and the construction of Justinian's Fortress at Isthmia. The building of ...
The Rumelihisarı Fortress, seen from the Bosphorus. The twin forts of Anadoluhisarı and Rumelihisarı lie to the north of Istanbul, at the narrowest point of the Bosphorus. They were built by the Ottomans to control this strategically vital waterway in preparation for their final assault on Constantinople.
The Monastery of Saint Catherine at Mount Sinai – The Church and Fortress of Justinian: Plates. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-472-33000-4. Paul Géhin (2017). Les manuscrits syriaques de parchemin du Sinaï et leur membra disjecta. CSCO 665 / Subsidia 136. Louvain: Peeters. ISBN 978-90-429-3501-3; Margaret Dunlop Gibson (1893).
After the Nika riots, Justinian initiated a new building program and reformed the law with the "Code of Justinian". Justinian had inherited a war with Persia from Justin I. Justinian continued the war, succeeding in sending a force all the way down the Euphrates , but the raid stalled, and he lost the beginnings of a new fortress in a defeat.
Justinian would pay 110 centenaria (11,000 pounds) of gold, ostensibly as a contribution to the defence of the Caucasus passes against the barbarians living beyond, and the base of the dux Mesopotamiae would be withdrawn from the fortress of Dara to the city of Constantina. The two rulers would recognize once again each other as equal and ...
In 572, Justin II, the successor of Justinian, broke the peace treaty and sent a Byzantine force into the Sasanian region of Arzanene. The following year, Khosrow besieged and captured the important Byzantine fortress-city of Dara, which led Justin II to insanity. The war lasted until 591, outliving Khosrow.
But Mehmed's mild words were not matched by his actions. By early 1452, work began on the construction of a second fortress (Rumeli hisarı) on the European side of the Bosphorus, [35] several miles north of Constantinople. The new fortress sat directly across the strait from the Anadolu Hisarı fortress, built by Mehmed's great-grandfather ...