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A scale-down bioreactor is a miniature model designed to mimic or reproduce large-scale bio-processes or specific process steps on a smaller scale. These models play an important role during process development stage by fine-tuning the minute parameters and steps without the need for substantial investments in both materials and consumables.
General structure of a continuous stirred-tank type bioreactor. On the basis of mode of operation, a bioreactor may be classified as batch, fed batch or continuous (e.g. a continuous stirred-tank reactor model). An example of a continuous bioreactor is the chemostat. [citation needed]
The continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR), also known as vat-or backmix reactor, mixed flow reactor (MFR), or a continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor (CFSTR), is a common model for a chemical reactor in chemical engineering and environmental engineering. A CSTR often refers to a model used to estimate the key unit operation variables when using ...
One less desirable feature associated with mechanical agitators is the strong axial mixing they generate. This problem can be managed by breaking up the reactor into a series of mixed stages separated by small plug flow channels. The most familiar form of continuous reactor of this type is the continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR).
[1] [2] Microcarrier cell suspensions in stirred tank bioreactors allows for an even distribution through homogenous stirring. [1] Parameters such as pH, oxygen pressure, and media supplement concentrations can be continually monitored within a bioreactor as opposed to manually testing small samples from plates. [2]
A single-use bioreactor or disposable bioreactor is a bioreactor with a disposable bag instead of a culture vessel. Typically, this refers to a bioreactor in which the lining in contact with the cell culture will be plastic, and this lining is encased within a more permanent structure (typically, either a rocker or a cuboid or cylindrical steel support).
Each plug of differential volume is considered as a separate entity, effectively an infinitesimally small continuous stirred tank reactor, limiting to zero volume. As it flows down the tubular PFR, the residence time ( τ {\displaystyle \tau } ) of the plug is a function of its position in the reactor.
Stirred tank bioreactors are used for the biooxidation of gold. [16] While stirred tanks have been used to bioleach cobalt for copper mine tailings, [18] these are costly systems that can reach sizes of >1300m 3 meaning that they are almost exclusively used for very high value minerals like gold. [16] Illustration of the process of uranium heap ...