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Inheritance allows programmers to create classes that are built upon existing classes, [1] to specify a new implementation while maintaining the same behaviors (realizing an interface), to reuse code and to independently extend original software via public classes and interfaces.
The C++ examples in this section demonstrate the principle of using composition and interfaces to achieve code reuse and polymorphism. Due to the C++ language not having a dedicated keyword to declare interfaces, the following C++ example uses inheritance from a pure abstract base class .
This approach has the benefit that client code can assume that the operations of an interface are available for use whenever the client has access to the object. [9] [citation needed] Class interface example. The buttons on the front of your television set are the interface between you and the electrical wiring on the other side of its plastic ...
Indeed, A need not even be a class: it may be an interface/protocol. Contrast with inheritance, in which foo is defined in a superclass A (which must be a class, not an interface), and when called on an instance of a subclass B, it uses the code defined in A, but the this object is still an instance of B:
A more complex example would be a command consisting of the length and code point of the command and values consisting of linearized objects representing the command's parameters. Each such command must be directed by the server to an object whose class (or superclass) recognizes the command and can provide the requested service.
In object-oriented programming, an interface or protocol type [a] is a data type that acts as an abstraction of a class. It describes a set of method signatures , the implementations of which may be provided by multiple classes that are otherwise not necessarily related to each other. [ 1 ]
C++ does not have the keyword super that a subclass can use in Java to invoke the superclass version of a method that it wants to override. Instead, the name of the parent or base class is used followed by the scope resolution operator. For example, the following code presents two classes, the base class Rectangle, and the derived class Box.
("Pure" interfaces such as the ones in Java up to version 7 do not permit any implementation or instance data in the interface.) Nevertheless, even when several interfaces declare the same method signature, as soon as that method is implemented (defined) anywhere in the inheritance chain, it overrides any implementation of that method in the ...