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Insensitive nuclei enhancement by polarization transfer (INEPT) is a signal enhancement method used in NMR spectroscopy. It involves the transfer of nuclear spin polarization from spins with large Boltzmann population differences to nuclear spins of interest with lower Boltzmann population differences. [ 1 ]
Graphical representation of the INEPT NMR pulse sequence. INEPT is utilized often to improve 15 N resolution because it can accommodate negative gyromagnetic ratios, increases Boltzmann polarization, and decreases T 1 relaxation. [3] Insensitive nuclei enhanced by polarization transfer (INEPT) is a signal
When electron spin polarization deviates from its thermal equilibrium value, polarization transfers between electrons and nuclei can occur spontaneously through electron-nuclear cross relaxation or spin-state mixing among electrons and nuclei. For example, polarization transfer is spontaneous after a homolysis chemical reaction.
The nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) is the transfer of nuclear spin polarization from one population of spin-active nuclei (e.g. 1 H, 13 C, 15 N etc.) to another via cross-relaxation.
The radiative transfer equation is a monochromatic equation to calculate radiance in a single layer of the Earth's atmosphere. To calculate the radiance for a spectral region with a finite width (e.g., to estimate the Earth's energy budget or simulate an instrument response), one has to integrate this over a band of frequencies (or wavelengths).
A more specific example of this case is presented in the section Chemical Exchange Magnetization transfer. In either case, magnetization transfer techniques probe the dynamic relationship between two or more distinguishable nuclei populations, in so far as energy exchange between the populations can be induced and measured in an idealized NMR ...
CIDNP (chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization), often pronounced like "kidnip", is a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique that is used to study chemical reactions that involve radicals. It detects the non-Boltzmann (non-thermal) nuclear spin state distribution produced in these reactions as enhanced absorption or emission signals.
The IBM2/IBM-II model treats protons and neutrons separately. Both models are restricted to nuclei with even numbers of protons and neutrons. [1]: 9 Regions of differently shaped nuclei, as predicted by the Interacting Boson Approximation [2] The model can be used to predict vibrational and rotational modes of non-spherical nuclei. [2]