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Opening in 1825, the initial gauge of 4 ft 8 in (1,422 mm) was set to accommodate the existing gauge of hundreds of horse-drawn chaldron wagons [14] that were already in use on the wagonways in the mines. The railway used this gauge for 15 years before a change was made, debuting around 1850, to the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) gauge.
Railways with a track gauge between 500 mm (19 + 3 ⁄ 4 in) and 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge. Diamond crossing dual gauge double line narrow-gauge and standard-gauge Narrow gauge track
Originally, various track gauges were used in the United States.Some railways, primarily in the northeast, used standard gauge of 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1,435 mm); others used gauges ranging from 2 ft (610 mm) to 6 ft (1,829 mm).
The 8 bore was a popular wildfowling calibre both in muzzleloaders and later cartridge shotguns. 8 bore cartridges were available in multiple lengths including 3-inch, 3¼-inch, 3¾-inch and 4-inch. [ 1 ]
4 ft 8 in gauge railways are railways with a track gauge of 4 ft 8 in / 1,422 mm. This gauge is 1 ⁄ 2 inch (13 mm) less than 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in ( 1,435 mm ) standard gauge The first such railways were the Killingworth Railway [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and the Stockton and Darlington Railway [ note 1 ]
If the difference between the two gauges is large enough – for example between 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge and 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) – three-rail dual-gauge is possible, but if not – for example between 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) and 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) metre gauge – four rails must be used. Dual-gauge rail lines ...
The Washington Metro system in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area has a gauge of 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 4 in (1,429 mm), which is 1/4" or 6mm closer than standard gauge. U.S. common-carrier narrow gauges in the twentieth century
The rod, perch, or pole (sometimes also lug) is a surveyor's tool [1] and unit of length of various historical definitions. In British imperial and US customary units, it is defined as 16 + 1 ⁄ 2 feet, equal to exactly 1 ⁄ 320 of a mile, or 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 yards (a quarter of a surveyor's chain), and is exactly 5.0292 meters.