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The equator is divided into 360 degrees of longitude, so each degree at the equator represents 111,319.5 metres (365,221 ft). As one moves away from the equator towards a pole, however, one degree of longitude is multiplied by the cosine of the latitude, decreasing the distance, approaching zero at the pole.
With this value for R the meridian length of 1 degree of latitude on the sphere is 111.2 km (69.1 statute miles) (60.0 nautical miles). The length of one minute of latitude is 1.853 km (1.151 statute miles) (1.00 nautical miles), while the length of 1 second of latitude is 30.8 m or 101 feet (see nautical mile).
At 30° a longitudinal second is 26.76 m, at Greenwich (51°28′38″N) 19.22 m, and at 60° it is 15.42 m. On the WGS 84 spheroid, the length in meters of a degree of latitude at latitude ϕ (that is, the number of meters you would have to travel along a north–south line to move 1 degree in latitude, when at latitude ϕ), is about
≡ 1 × 10 −10 m: ≡ 0.1 nm astronomical unit: au ≡ 149 597 870 700 m ≈ Distance from Earth to Sun ≡ 149 597 870 700 m [1] attometre: am ≡ 1 × 10 −18 m: ≡ 1 × 10 −18 m: barleycorn (H) = 1 ⁄ 3 in (see note above about rounding) = 8.4 6 × 10 −3 m bohr, atomic unit of length: a 0 = Bohr radius of hydrogen ≈ 5.291 772 ...
Degrees, minutes and seconds, when used, must each be separated by a pipe ("|"). Map datum must be WGS84 if possible (except for off-Earth bodies). Avoid excessive precision (0.0001° is <11 m, 1″ is <31 m). Maintain consistency of decimal places or minutes/seconds between latitude and longitude. Latitude (N/S) must appear before longitude (E/W).
Metric prefixes; Text Symbol Factor or; yotta Y 10 24: 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000: zetta Z 10 21: 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000: exa E 10 18: 1 000 000 000 000 000 000: peta P 10 15: 1 000 000 000 000 000: tera T
The micrometre (SI symbol: μm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 −6 metres ( 1 / 1 000 000 m = 0. 000 001 m). To help compare different orders of magnitude , this section lists some items with lengths between 10 −6 and 10 −5 m (between 1 and 10 micrometers , or μm).
Length (m): The length of the equator is close to 40 000 000 m (more precisely 40 075 014.2 m). [23] In fact, the dimensions of our planet were used by the French Academy in the original definition of the metre; [ 24 ] most dining tabletops are about 0.75 metres high; [ 25 ] a very tall human (basketball forward) is about 2 metres tall.