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The British surveyor Percy Fawcett in 1911, who believed an indigenous city, which he called "the Lost City of Z", had existed in the Brazilian jungle. Fawcett found a document known as Manuscript 512, held at the National Library of Brazil, believed to have been written by Portuguese bandeirantes João da Silva Guimarães [].
Cerro Rico, Potosi, Bolivia, still a major silver mine Amethyst mine in Ametista do Sul. South America is a major producer of gems such as amethyst, topaz, emerald, aquamarine and tourmaline. Chuquicamata is the largest open pit mine in the world, near the city of Calama in Chile.
The Americas, sometimes collectively called America, [3] [4] [5] are a landmass comprising the totality of North America and South America. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] When viewed as a single continent, the Americas or America is the 2nd largest continent right after Asia, and is the 3rd largest continent by population.
North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest. South America has an area of approximately 17,840,000 square kilometres (6,890,000 sq mi), or almost 3.5% of Earth's surface. As of 2018, its population is more than 430 million, according to estimates of population in The World Factbook.
In 2019, Rio Grande do Sul produced a total of 4.5 billion liters of milk, making it the third largest producer in the country, with 13.0% of the country's total. [76] In sheep farming, in 2017 the South Region was the 2nd largest in the country, with 4.2 million heads. Rio Grande do Sul has 94% of the country's wool production. [77]
Hino Rio-Grandense is the anthem of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. It is also called Hino Farroupilha due to the historical period that the anthem was written, in the Ragamuffin War. The melody was composed by Joaquim José Mendanha, the lyrics by Francisco Pinto da Fontoura and harmonization by Antonio Corte Real.
The South Is My Country (Portuguese: O Sul é o Meu País) is a separatist movement that seeks the independence of Brazil's South Region, formed by the states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina. [1] The group claims the region is under-represented by Brasília. [2] [3]
The Southern Cone (Spanish: Cono Sur, Portuguese: Cone Sul) is a geographical and cultural subregion composed of the southernmost areas of South America, mostly south of the Tropic of Capricorn. Traditionally, it covers Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay, bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the east by the Atlantic Ocean.