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This "kelp highway hypothesis" suggested that highly productive kelp forests supported rich and diverse marine food webs in nearshore waters, including many types of fish, shellfish, birds, marine mammals, and seaweeds that were similar from Japan to California, Erlandson and his colleagues also argued that coastal kelp forests reduced wave ...
For example, mechanical dredging of kelp destroys the resource and dependent fisheries. Other forces also threaten some seaweed ecosystems; for example, a wasting disease in predators of purple urchins has led to an urchin population surge which has destroyed large kelp forest regions off the coast of California. [4]
Smaller areas of anchored kelp are called kelp beds. They are recognized as one of the most productive and dynamic ecosystems on Earth. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Although algal kelp forest combined with coral reefs only cover 0.1% of Earth's total surface, they account for 0.9% of global primary productivity . [ 3 ]
The Oldest Living Organism Is Over 2 Billion Years Old Scientists have identified the oldest living species on Earth is a deep sea organism that hasn't evolved in more than two billion years.
Kelp are autogenic ecosystem engineers, by building the necessary structure for kelp forests. An ecosystem engineer is any species that creates, significantly modifies, maintains or destroys a habitat. These organisms can have a large impact on species richness and landscape-level heterogeneity of an area. [1]
Natural environment – Living and non-living things on Earth; Soil food web – Complex living system in the soil; Tritrophic interactions in plant defense – Ecological interactions; Trophic ecology of kelp forests – Underwater areas highly dense with kelp; Trophic mutualism; Trophic relationships in lakes – Type of ecosystem
Euglenozoa is a rich (>2,000 species) [46] group of flagellates with very different lifestyles, including: the free-living heterotrophic (both osmo- and phagotrophic) [40] and photosynthetic euglenids (e.g., the euglenophytes, with chloroplasts originated from green algae); the free-living and parasitic kinetoplastids (such as Trypanosoma cruzi ...
Scientists have taught a piece of material to play the game Pong, they say, in a major breakthrough. A simple hydrogel – a soft, flexible material – was able to play the game and learn so that ...