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Industrial separation processes are technical procedures which are used in industry to separate a product from impurities or other products. The original mixture may either be a natural resource (like ore , oil or sugar cane) or the product of a chemical reaction (like a drug or an organic solvent ).
A separation process is a method that converts a mixture or a solution of chemical substances into two or more distinct product mixtures, [1] a scientific process of separating two or more substances in order to obtain purity. At least one product mixture from the separation is enriched in one or more of the source mixture's constituents.
A "pure" unit operation is a physical transport process, while a mixed chemical/physical process requires modeling both the physical transport, such as diffusion, and the chemical reaction. This is usually necessary for designing catalytic reactions , and is considered a separate discipline, termed chemical reaction engineering .
An example is the electrostatic precipitator used in coal-fired power plants to treat exhaust gas, removing small particles that cause air pollution. Electrostatic separation is a process that uses electrostatic charges to separate crushed particles of material.
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Certain chemical process yield important basic materials for society, e.g., (cement, steel, aluminum, and fertilizer).However, these chemical reactions contribute to climate change by emitting carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, through chemical reactions, as well as through the combustion of fossil fuels to generate the high temperatures needed to reach the activation energies of the chemical ...
In industrial processes, mass transfer operations include separation of chemical components in distillation columns, absorbers such as scrubbers or stripping, adsorbers such as activated carbon beds, and liquid-liquid extraction. Mass transfer is often coupled to additional transport processes, for instance in industrial cooling towers. These ...
An industrial process alters materials or substances. Some processes make the production of a rare material vastly cheaper, thus changing it into a commodity ; i.e. the process makes it economically feasible for society to use the material on a large scale.