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Legionary – The heavy infantry that was the basic military force of the ancient Roman army in the period of the late Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire. Magister militum - High ranked commander in the late Roman Empire. Equivalent of a general. Medicus – Physician or combat medic.
The Roman army (Latin: exercitus Romanus) served ancient Rome and the Roman people, enduring through the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC), the Roman Republic (509–27 BC), and the Roman Empire (27 BC–AD 476/AD 1453), including the Western Roman Empire (collapsed AD 476/480) and the Eastern Roman Empire (collapsed AD 1453).
As a consequence, military service at the lower (non-salaried) levels became progressively longer-term. Roman military units of the period were largely homogeneous and highly regulated. The army consisted of units of citizen infantry known as legions (Latin: legiones) as well as non-legionary allied troops known as auxilia. The latter were most ...
(United States) The 111th is the oldest unit in the Pennsylvania National Guard. Today, 1st Battalion, 111th Infantry is part of the 56th Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 28th Infantry Division [44] 1758 Madras Regiment: East India Company: Company Raj India: The Madras Regiment is the oldest infantry regiment of the Indian Army, originating in the ...
Auxilia palatina (sg.: auxilium palatinum) were infantry units of the Late Roman army, first raised by Constantine I as part of the new field army he created in about 325 AD. Some of the senior and probably oldest of these units had special names such as Cornuti or Brachiati ; others were named after the tribes from which they were recruited ...
A cohort (from the Latin cohors, pl.: cohortes; see wikt:cohors for full inflection table) was a standard tactical military unit of a Roman legion.Although the standard size changed with time and situation, it was generally composed of 480 soldiers. [1]
The celeres (Latin: [ˈkɛɫ̪ɛre:s], Ancient Greek: κελέριοι [1]) were the bodyguard of the kings of Rome and the earliest cavalry unit in the Roman military. [2] [3] [4] Traditionally established by Romulus, the legendary founder and first King of Rome, the celeres comprised three hundred men, [2] [5] ten chosen by each of the curiae.
At the time of the Pyrrhic War, the Roman army in the field consisted of four armies, [7] each of which contained two legions of Roman citizens and two units of allies. Each legion consisted of 4,200–5,000 infantry [ 8 ] and 300 cavalry, [ 8 ] while the allied units had an equal number of infantry but three times as many cavalry (900 cavalry ...