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Fatima Sheikh was a 19th century Indian educator and social reformer, who was a colleague of the social reformers Jyotiba Phule and Savitribai Phule. [2] [3] Sheikh is widely regarded as India's first Muslim woman teacher and is remembered for her role in educating and empowering women and marginalized communities in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Since the idea was first advanced by Barbara Welter in 1966, many historians have argued that the subject is far more complex and nuanced than terms such as "Cult of Domesticity" or "True Womanhood" suggest, and that the roles played by and expected of women within the middle-class, 19th-century context were quite varied and often contradictory.
The history of feminism in India can be divided into three phases: the first phase, beginning in the mid-19th century, initiated when reformists began to speak in favour of women rights by making reforms in education and customs involving women; [2] [3] the second phase, from 1915 to Indian independence, when Gandhi incorporated women's ...
Apastamba sutra (c. 4th century BCE) [8] [3] captures some prevalent ideas of the role of women during the post Vedic ages. The Apastamba Sutra shows the elevated position of women that existed during the 4th century BCE: A man is not allowed to abandon his wife (A 1.28.19). He permits daughters to inherit (A 2.14.4).
Now we know about Rahimunnessa of the eighteenth century whose poetry manuscript was first discovered in 1955, about Rahima and Zamirunnessa from Chittagong who the literary historians believe wrote in the first half of the nineteenth century. These three still remain largely obscure, and probably for this reason Taherunnesa is commonly known ...
In the first half of the 19th century, a growing discontent over the shallow education of women eventually resulted in the finishing schools being gradually replaced by girls' schools with a higher level of academic secondary education, called "Higher Girl Schools", in the mid-19th century. [205]
Rekhti (Urdu: ریختی, Hindi: रेख़ती), is a form of Urdu feminist poetry. A genre developed by male poets, [1] it uses women's voices to talk about themselves. [2] [3] [4] It was formed in 19th-century Lucknow, then part of the State of Awadh (now in Uttar Pradesh, India). [1] The poet Saadat Yaar Khan Rangin is credited with its ...
Many women in the 19th century were involved in reform movements, particularly abolitionism. [85] In 1831, Maria W. Stewart (who was African-American) began to write essays and make speeches against slavery, promoting educational and economic self-sufficiency for African Americans. The first woman of any color to speak on political issues in ...