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Anthropic Bias: Observation Selection Effects in Science and Philosophy (2002) is a book by philosopher Nick Bostrom.Bostrom investigates how to reason when one suspects that evidence is biased by "observation selection effects", in other words, when the evidence presented has been pre-filtered by the condition that there was some appropriately positioned observer to "receive" the evidence.
Nick Bostrom (/ ˈ b ɒ s t r əm / BOST-rəm; Swedish: Niklas Boström [ˈnɪ̌kːlas ˈbûːstrœm]; born 10 March 1973) [4] is a philosopher known for his work on existential risk, the anthropic principle, human enhancement ethics, whole brain emulation, superintelligence risks, and the reversal test.
For Bostrom, Carter's anthropic principle just warns us to make allowance for anthropic bias—that is, the bias created by anthropic selection effects (which Bostrom calls "observation" selection effects)—the necessity for observers to exist in order to get a result. He writes:
Nick Bostrom and Milan Ćirković: Global Catastrophic Risks, 2011. ISBN 978-0-19-857050-9; Nick Bostrom and Julian Savulescu: Human Enhancement, 2011. ISBN 0-19-929972-2; Nick Bostrom: Anthropic Bias: Observation Selection Effects in Science and Philosophy, 2010. ISBN 0-415-93858-9; Nick Bostrom and Anders Sandberg: Brain Emulation Roadmap, 2008.
Human Enhancement (2009) is a non-fiction book edited by philosopher Nick Bostrom and philosopher and bioethicist Julian Savulescu. Savulescu and Bostrom write about the ethical implications of human enhancement and to what extent it is worth striving towards. [1] [2] [3]
Nick Bostrom’s background covers theoretical physics, computational neuroscience, logic and artificial intelligence (Supplied) In this deep future, which could be years or millennia away ...
Women can internalize bias and express it against other women in their workplace, while some might believe that there's not enough room at the top for more than a few women, the researchers noted.
The reversal test is a heuristic designed to spot and eliminate status quo bias, an emotional bias irrationally favouring the current state of affairs.The test is applicable to the evaluation of any decision involving a potential deviation from the status quo along some continuous dimension.