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Nucleophilic substitution via the S N 1 or S N 2 mechanism does not generally occur with vinyl or aryl halides or related compounds. Under certain conditions nucleophilic substitutions may occur, via other mechanisms such as those described in the nucleophilic aromatic substitution article.
Mesylate anion (structural formula) Mesylate anion (ball-and-stick model). In organosulfur chemistry, a mesylate is any salt or ester of methanesulfonic acid (CH 3 SO 3 H).In salts, the mesylate is present as the CH 3 SO − 3 anion.
Hydrolysis (/ h aɪ ˈ d r ɒ l ɪ s ɪ s /; from Ancient Greek hydro- 'water' and lysis 'to unbind') is any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds. The term is used broadly for substitution, elimination, and solvation reactions in which water is the nucleophile. [1]
In chemistry, S N i (substitution nucleophilic internal) refers to a specific, regio-selective but not often encountered reaction mechanism for nucleophilic aliphatic substitution. The name was introduced by Cowdrey et al. in 1937 to label nucleophilic reactions which occur with retention of configuration, [ 1 ] but later was employed to ...
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Ammonolysis refers to solvolysis by ammonia, but can also describe nucleophilic attack by ammonia more generally. Ammonia boils at −33 °C, and, as such, is rarely used as a solvent in its pure form. It is, however, readily miscible with water, and is commonly used in the form of a saturated aqueous solution. For this reason, ammonolysis may ...
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The unimolecular nucleophilic substitution (S N 1) reaction is a substitution reaction in organic chemistry. The Hughes-Ingold symbol of the mechanism expresses two properties—"S N " stands for " nucleophilic substitution ", and the "1" says that the rate-determining step is unimolecular .