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volcanic eruptions blasting holes in the Moon; meteoric impact; a theory known as the Welteislehre developed in Germany between the two world wars which suggested glacial motion creating the craters. Grove Karl Gilbert suggested in 1893 that the Moon's craters were formed by large asteroid impacts.
The large and relatively young lunar impact crater Tycho taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. [1]This is a list of named lunar craters.The large majority of these features are impact craters.
Geological studies of the Moon are based on a combination of Earth-based telescope observations, measurements from orbiting spacecraft, lunar samples, and geophysical data. . Six locations were sampled directly during the crewed Apollo program landings from 1969 to 1972, which returned 382 kilograms (842 lb) of lunar rock and lunar soil to Earth [8] In addition, three robotic Soviet Luna ...
Aristarchus (center) and Herodotus (right) from Apollo 15. NASA photo. Oblique closeup from Apollo 15. NASA photo.. Aristarchus is a lunar impact crater that lies in the northwest part of the Moon's near side.
The South Pole–Aitken basin (SPA Basin, / ˈ eɪ t k ɪ n /) is an immense impact crater on the far side of the Moon.At roughly 2,500 km (1,600 mi) in diameter and between 6.2 and 8.2 km (3.9–5.1 mi) deep, it is one of the largest known impact craters in the Solar System.
Astronomers also reported flashes of light and red clouds over the Alphonsus and Aristarchus craters. [1] Evidence collected during the Apollo program (1961–1972) and from uncrewed spacecraft of the same period proved conclusively that meteoric impact , or impact by asteroids for larger craters, was the origin of almost all lunar craters, and ...
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Photograph of the far side of the Moon, with Mare Orientale (center left) and the mare of the crater Apollo (top left) being visible, taken by Orion spacecraft during the Artemis 1 mission. The far side of the Moon is the lunar hemisphere that always faces away from Earth, opposite to the near side, because of synchronous rotation in the Moon's ...